基于同步辐射加速器的康普顿背散射γ射线源(Ⅰ)产生MeV量级γ光子的数值计算

提出在筹建的上海同步辐射装置上建造一条MeV量级γ射线束及应用站,采用μm波长的红外(或远红外)激光与储存环中3.5GeV电子束进行康普顿背散射,从而获得能区为1—25MeV的康普顿背散射γ光子束,该光子束具有高强度、高极化度(线和圆极化)、准单色、方向性好的优点,可以广泛地应用于核物理和核天体物理基础研究及相关的应用研究领域.介绍了康普顿背散射的基本原理,并结合储存环参数给出了光子束性能的数值计算结果.     

Mathematical Modeling, Control, Computer Simulation and Laboratory Experiments of a Spatial Servopneumatic Parallel Robot

In this paper, the special construction of a parallel robot, called spatial servopneumatic multi-axis test facility, will be discussed. The investigations include the following aspects: (i) the laboratory set-up of the robot, (ii) various results obtained in laboratory experiments, taking into account quite different control algorithms and command-input signals, (iii) a comparison of the laboratory experiments with the computer simulations of Part I of this paper, and ({vi}) a quality check of the results compared with the cost of the different controller realizations. The results of both the computer simulations and the laboratory experiments show: (i) The dynamic behavior of the parallel structure can be tremendously improved by using sophisticated nonlinear control algorithms. (ii) This improvement has to be paid by a drastically increased amount of work for deriving the model equations and control algorithms, and by augmented hardware cost of the sensing elements and controller electronics. (iii) Carefully developed model equations and identified model parameters provide theoretical models of the complex parallel structure that are very close to reality. This enables the design engineer to systematically investigate constructive alternatives of the design parameters, sensor and actuator concepts, and control strategies of the MAP prior to their hardware realization.This work has been supported by the German Science Foundation (DFG) under Contract No. Ha 1666/6-3.     

A compact shock-assisted free-piston driver for impulse facilities

A free-piston driver that employs entropy-raising shock processes with diaphragm rupture has been constructed, which promises significant theoretical advantages over isentropic compression. Results from a range of conditions with helium and argon driver gases are reported. Significant performance gains were achieved in some test cases. Heat losses are shown to have a strong effect on driver processes. Measurements compare well with predictions from a quasi-one-dimensional numerical code. Received 7 September 1996 / Accepted 5 October 1996     

Asymmetry in the Multiprotein Systems of Molecular Biology

Signaling in living systems needs to achieve high specificity, to be reversible, and to achieve high signal to noise. Signaling mediated by multiprotein systems has evolved that avoids the requirement for high-affinity binary complexes that would be difficult to reverse and which, in the overcrowded cell, would lead to excessive noise in the system. Symmetrical structures are only occasionally formed. When they are, it is principally to colocate components, for example, the tyrosyl kinases of growth factors, where dimers form. Symmetry is, however, often broken, presumably to create more sensitivity and specificity in the signaling system by assembling other components, into higher-order multiprotein systems. The binding of a single heparin to two 1:1 FGF:FGFR complexes is an example, as is the binding of a single ligase to the Xrcc4 dimer, perhaps so creating a further DNA-binding site.     

“Optimization of aircraft maintenance/support infrastructure using genetic algorithms—level of repair analysis”

Level of repair analysis (LORA) is an approach used during the design stage of complex equipment for analysis of the cost effectiveness of competing maintenance strategies. LORA is carried as a part of the life cycle cost and cost of ownership analysis and plays a significant role in minimizing the life cycle cost and cost of ownership of the capital equipment. Since many purchasing decisions of complex equipment are based on cost of ownership, it has become essential to carry out LORA to compete in the market. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model for LORA and propose a solution methodology based on genetic algorithms. The concept is illustrated using a hypothetical aircraft engine.     

Multicriteria Semi-Obnoxious Network Location Problems (MSNLP) with Sum and Center Objectives

Locating a facility is often modeled as either the maxisum or the minisum problem, reflecting whether the facility is undesirable (obnoxious) or desirable. But many facilities are both desirable and undesirable at the same time, e.g., an airport. This can be modeled as a multicriteria network location problem, where some of the sum-objectives are maximized (push effect) and some of the sum-objectives are minimized (pull effect).We present a polynomial time algorithm for this model along with some basic theoretical results, and generalize the results also to incorporate maximin and minimax objectives. In fact, the method works for any piecewise linear objective functions. Finally, we present some computational results.     

可降解自固化类骨磷灰石支架的研究

0引言一直以来,钙磷生物材料如羟基磷灰石(hy-droxyapatite,HA)由于其成份与骨的无机成份相似,具有良好的生物相容性,作为骨修复材料引起了人们广泛的兴趣。磷酸钙骨水泥是一类可在生理条件下自固化的非陶瓷型类HA人工骨材料,这种由磷酸钙骨水泥(calcium phosphate cement,CPC)转变而成的HA,与天然骨磷灰石有类似的组成结构,植入人体后可参与新陈代谢,促进骨组织生长[1,2]。一些研究显示,CPC具有成骨活性和生物降解性,在体内被吸收的同时可引导新骨的生成,从而可克服自体骨、磷酸三钙陶瓷因吸收降解过快造成的局部缺陷以及陶瓷型HA长…     

错配核酸的研究进展

本文通过介绍多种错配核酸的结构及其热力学性质，详细地描述了非Watson-Crick配对核酸的最新进展。这方面的研究有利于阐明生物体内错配核酸的识别修复机理及核酸二级结构的预测，并为合理设计新的人工核酸修复酶提供了理论基础。     

Lamination Design Optimization for Continuous Fiber Reinforced Composites of Variable Thicknesses北大核心CSCD

由于具备高的比强度、比刚度,利用连续纤维增强复合材料代替传统金属材料以实现结构轻量化正受到设计者们的广泛关注。然而,结构的复杂性给复合材料的铺层设计与优化带来了很大的挑战。针对航空用复合材料铺层设计约束多的问题,通过逐步构建设计变量准确表达结构的铺层信息。基于经典遗传算法框架,结合各设计变量特点,定义了铺层优化算法中的遗传算子,通过引入“修复”策略保证了每一代解都能满足设计约束,分布在可行域区间内。最后利用精英保留策略提高了算法的局部寻优能力,可以降低复杂复合材料结构铺层设计的计算成本。通过解决经典benchmark问题并与已有优化结果的比较,验证了前述铺层优化算法的全局、局部寻优能力,为工程实际中的复合材料铺层设计优化提供了理论支撑。